Over the previous a number of a long time, two concurrent traits have affected motherhood within the U.S. The primary pattern is that ladies immediately usually tend to grow to be moms than they have been ten years in the past. The second is that, in comparison with earlier generations, immediately’s moms usually tend to be within the workforce—placing in additional hours exterior of the house.
Girls now make up nearly half of the labor power and 73.7 % of moms select to work, in keeping with the U.S. Census Bureau. Because of this extra ladies face a fragile balancing act between work and household, and plenty of households should depend on baby care when each mother and father are on the workplace.
Regardless of optimistic adjustments in employment, the common lady nonetheless earns lower than the common man. The pay hole for full-time staff hovers round 80.eight % — an enchancment over the previous, however removed from equal. With the nationwide common value of kid care reaching $11,959 (roughly 30 % of the everyday lady’s wage), making small adjustments to scale back these prices or enhance revenue — whether or not by altering jobs, places, or each — can go a great distance in direction of bettering monetary safety and high quality of life.
Happily, some places are much better for working moms than others, primarily based on components like median salaries, wage gaps, unemployment charges, labor power participation and the price of baby care amongst others. To search out these cities, Haven Life analyzed the most important 200 cities within the U.S. and created a composite rating primarily based on the next metrics:
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff (25 factors)Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s (20 factors)Unemployment fee of moms (20 factors)Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce (10 factors)Size of ladies’s work week (together with commute) (10 factors)State common value of kid care (15 factors)Right here’s what Haven Life discovered:
Takeaways
Whereas the nationwide gender pay hole is 80.eight %, Oakland, Calif., (ranked because the fourth greatest metropolis for working mothers) stands out as certainly one of three massive cities within the U.S. the place ladies earn barely greater than males.Holding different components equal, in contrast with single mothers, moms in married-couple households with one other earner have extra flexibility in selecting whether or not to work. Because of this the share of married moms within the workforce was used to point the place extra mothers select to work even when there's much less monetary stress to take action. Madison, Wis., Lexington, Ky., and Minneapolis (ranked second, third, and eighth general) stand out as having a bigger proportion of married moms within the labor power than nearly some other metropolis within the nation.The common value of center-based toddler care within the U.S. is now near $12,000 per 12 months, which accounts for greater than 30 % of ladies’s full-time earnings. Southern states supply extra reasonably priced baby care choices than states within the Northeast or on the West Coast.Not a single Northeast metropolis is represented within the prime 20 greatest cities for working mothers. Based mostly on the composite rating, cities within the West, the South, and the Midwest have a tendency to supply higher situations for ladies balancing work and household life.The 20 prime cities for working mothers
20. McKinney, Texas
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $52,177Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 72.four %Unemployment fee of moms: 1.eight %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 72.eight %Size of ladies’s work week: 41.four hoursState common value of kid care: $9,102The labor power participation fee for married moms in McKinney is 72.eight %, barely increased than the U.S. common, and ladies earn a excessive median wage of $52,177. McKinney’s shut proximity to the Dallas-Fort Price metro space makes it very best for professionals seeking to develop their profession. A number of the largest employers in Dallas embrace American Airways, Financial institution of America, and Raytheon. As a spot to reside, McKinney maintains its small-town really feel whereas providing quite a few retailers, eating places, and artwork galleries for leisure. For weekend enjoyable, the Towne Lake Recreation Space is an area park that's good for households to picnic, fish, play outside sports activities, or hire paddle boats.
19. Chandler, Arizona
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $51,188Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 83.7 %Unemployment fee of moms: four.four %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 75.zero %Size of ladies’s work week: 41.9 hoursState common value of kid care: $10,687Situated about 20 miles exterior of Phoenix, Chandler is a suburban city with the trimmings of an enormous metropolis. Full-time feminine staff make a median wage of $51,188, whereas the state’s common value of kid care is $10,687 — about 10 % under the nationwide common. A number of the prime industries in Chandler embrace aviation & aerospace, high-tech manufacturing, IT, and healthcare. Chandler is situated half an hour away from the bigger cities of Tempe, Mesa, and Phoenix, additional increasing employment alternatives for working moms. For individuals who are extra entrepreneurial, Chandler additionally presents an Improvements Incubator for startups and rising companies. Inside the metropolis, public artwork reveals and efficiency venues add to the cultural scene, whereas leisure areas like Tumbleweed Park supply myriad outside actions for households.
18. Seattle, Washington
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $62,997Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 77.5 %Unemployment fee of moms: four.1 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 74.four %Size of ladies’s work week: 41.9 hoursState common value of kid care: $14,208Seattle is thought for greater than the Area Needle and Starbucks. It’s additionally a super metropolis for younger professionals and their households. Profession alternatives are plentiful in industries equivalent to IT, inexperienced know-how, hospitality, and movie, whereas well-known companies equivalent to Starbucks, Costco, and Amazon are additionally headquartered within the Seattle metro. An added bonus is that the state of Washington has no revenue tax, which supplies a bit of extra cash for enjoyable actions and financial savings. Exterior of the workplace, pure wonders just like the Cascade and Olympic Mountain ranges, the Puget Sound, Discovery Park, and Lake Washington are good for outside recreation, whereas museums, reside music, and wine tastings are standard indoor actions. Although the common value of kid care in Washington is above common, ladies’s salaries in Seattle far exceed the nationwide median, making baby care proportionally cheaper.
17. Albuquerque, New Mexico
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $40,371Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 87.eight %Unemployment fee of moms: four.three %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 74.1 %Size of ladies’s work week: 40.1 hoursState common value of kid care: $eight,412Nestled within the Sandia Mountains, Albuquerque combines the comforts of massive metropolis dwelling with easy accessibility to nature. In style outside actions embrace climbing, biking, and snowboarding. Historical past buffs can even love the Native American historical past celebrated all through town in a wide range of galleries, historic websites, and museums. A number of the hottest industries in Albuquerque embrace media, know-how, bioscience, and semiconductors and electronics. Protection and analysis jobs are notably distinguished in Albuquerque as a result of presence of Sandia Nationwide Labs, Kirtland Air Pressure Base, and Honeywell. Albuquerque has one of many lowest median salaries for ladies, at $40,371, but in addition a shorter work week at 40.1 hours (together with time spent commuting). The state’s common baby care value of $eight,412 can be effectively under the nationwide common.
16. Scottsdale, Arizona
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $59,933Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 78.9 %Unemployment fee of moms: 1.9 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 59.1 %Size of ladies’s work week: 42.zero hoursState common value of kid care: $10,687At 59.1 %, Scottsdale has the bottom proportion of moms within the workforce on this listing. However ladies who do work earn a median wage of $59,933, far above the nationwide median. Situated simply exterior of Phoenix, Scottsdale is a Southwest metropolis that boasts a bustling tourism trade with about 9 million guests yearly. The Previous City district celebrates its heritage as a cowboy city and is full of saloons, cultural facilities, and museums devoted to cowboy historical past. Apart from employment in tourism and hospitality, many professionals in Scottsdale are engaged in fields like know-how, bioscience, and monetary providers. Households can get pleasure from varied actions equivalent to climbing, mountain biking, and horseback driving at close by parks, in addition to Camelback Mountain and Pinnacle Peak.
15. Portland, Oregon
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $46,640Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 88.zero %Unemployment fee of moms: 2.5 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 74.6 %Size of ladies’s work week: 40.four hoursState common value of kid care: $13,292In Portland, ladies earn greater than what’s typical throughout the remainder of the U.S.; nonetheless, the state’s excessive value of kid care will offset a portion of that distinction. Regardless, Portland has earned consideration lately as a vacation spot for millennials and their households. Like lots of the different main cities on this listing, Portland is a burgeoning tech hub and jobs can be found at employers equivalent to Intel Company, Google, and Oracle, in addition to Nike in close by Beaverton. Oregon has no gross sales tax, which additionally eases the monetary burden of dwelling in an enormous metropolis. Households can get pleasure from a number of enjoyable actions collectively, equivalent to snowboarding on Mount Hood or strolling by means of Forest Park. Grocery shops and eating places in Portland cater to a variety of diets, together with vegan, vegetarian, or paleo. Residents should not thoughts the rain, although — Portland is thought for its excessive precipitation.
14. Nashville, Tennessee
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $41,008Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 92.9 %Unemployment fee of moms: three.5 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 73.9 %Size of ladies’s work week: 41.7 hoursState common value of kid care: $eight,524Nashville is thought for greater than its nation music scene. Although there’s no scarcity of musicians or competition planners in Nashville, town additionally has a presence in industries equivalent to healthcare, training, and monetary providers. One in every of Nashville’s largest employers, the Vanderbilt College Medical System, employs greater than 20,000 individuals. Girls in Nashville earn barely lower than the nationwide median, however Tennessee’s low baby care prices will assist stretch salaries additional. Households can discover inexperienced areas equivalent to Centennial Park or attend festivals and reside music occasions. Since Nashville is geographically unfold out, it's best to get round with a automobile, though there are public transportation choices too.
13. Boise, Idaho
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $38,652Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 81.5 %Unemployment fee of moms: 2.2 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 71.1 %Size of ladies’s work week: 37.four hoursState common value of kid care: $7,296With a median wage of $38,652, Boise ladies earn under the nationwide median, but in addition get pleasure from shorter work weeks (37.four hours together with commute instances) and decrease prices of kid care ($7,296). Boise prides itself on its diversified economic system, starting from extra conventional industries equivalent to agriculture and authorities to extra trendy industries equivalent to know-how and healthcare. A number of the metropolis’s main employers embrace Hewlett Packard, St. Luke’s Well being System, and Micron Expertise. Boise’s family-friendly actions are simply as diversified because the economic system. Native theaters, films underneath the celebrities, and establishments such because the Basque Museum and Cultural Heart are glorious leisure choices for households.
12. Charleston, South Carolina
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $43,475Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 85.zero %Unemployment fee of moms: three.four %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 76.2 %Size of ladies’s work week: 41.1 hoursState common value of kid care: $6,840Cobblestone streets and Georgian-style structure dot the panorama of this charming southern metropolis. Tourism is a significant trade right here, in addition to army operations, increased training, and know-how. Charleston’s prime employers embrace the joint air power/naval base, producers equivalent to Boeing and Volvo, and faculties & universities such because the School of Charleston and the Medical College of South Carolina. The pay hole for Charleston ladies is 85 %—extra favorable than the nationwide pay hole of 80.5 % — and ladies earn a median wage of $43,475. At $6,840, South Carolina’s common baby care prices are one of many lowest within the nation. Charleston presents a vibrant nightlife, proximity to the seashores at Isle of Palms and a number of historic websites.
11. Austin, Texas
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $48,902Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 93.2 %Unemployment fee of moms: 2.7 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 61.1 %Size of ladies’s work week: 41.6 hoursState common value of kid care: $9,102The capital metropolis of Texas, Austin has grow to be a hotspot for millennials and younger households lately. Girls earn a median wage of $48,902, accounting for a pay hole of solely 93.2 %. Nonetheless, solely 61.1 % of moms take part within the labor power, a lot decrease than within the U.S. general. Austin has no private revenue tax, and work is offered in fields starting from clear know-how to digital media to house know-how. Austin is changing into a significant tech hub, and firms equivalent to Fb, Google, Apple, and Dell have company workplaces there. On weekends, residents can cool off in Barton Springs, get pleasure from reside music, or go to one of many metropolis’s quite a few parks and lakes.
10. Naperville, Illinois
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $65,790Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 69.5 %Unemployment fee of moms: 1.6 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 70.7 %Size of ladies’s work week: 39.5 hoursState common value of kid care: $13,474About an hour west of Chicago, the small metropolis of Naperville is thought for being household pleasant in addition to professionally-oriented. Girls in Naperville earn a median wage of $65,790, a lot increased than the nationwide median, but in addition 30.5 % lower than males in Naperville. Together with the upper salaries, Illinois has increased baby care prices, at $13,474 per 12 months. The largest industries in Naperville embrace skilled, scientific & technical providers, in addition to healthcare & social help. Town’s largest employers are Edward Hospital & Well being Providers, Nokia, and Naperville public colleges. Through the summer time, households in Naperville are sometimes seen swimming or sunbathing at Centennial Seashore or meandering down the Riverwalk, a strolling path alongside the DuPage River. Town’s historic district showcases an array of beautiful structure, whereas retailers and eating places within the downtown space guarantee there's all the time a lot to do.
9. Tallahassee, Florida
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $37,889Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 91.9 %Unemployment fee of moms: four.9 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 74.four %Size of ladies’s work week: 36.eight hoursState common value of kid care: $9,018The state capital of Florida is house to a number of universities, together with Florida State College and Florida A&M College, contributing to the faculty city environment and providing many alternatives for employment. Apart from training, the quickest rising industries in Tallahassee are skilled providers, healthcare, hospitality, and trade-transportation & logistics. Tallahassee is house to a number of cultural establishments, together with the Tallahassee Vehicle Museum, Goodwood Museum and Gardens, Jackson Mounds Archaeological State Park, and San Luis Mission Park. Although Tallahassee ladies earn barely lower than the nationwide median, the gender pay hole in Tallahassee is slender and the common value of kid care in Florida can be on the low finish.
eight. Minneapolis, Minnesota
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $50,zero74Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 94.5 %Unemployment fee of moms: four.zero %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 78.three %Size of ladies’s work week: 39.5 hoursState common value of kid care: $15,704One of many Twin Cities, Minneapolis is house to websites together with the Mall of America, the Stone Arch Bridge, and the Mississippi River. Girls who reside in Minneapolis earn a median wage of $50,zero74, nearly the identical quantity earned by males. Because of the proximity to Saint Paul, professionals dwelling in Minneapolis have the benefit of selecting to work in both of Minnesota’s two financial powerhouses. This metro space prides itself on being house to extra Fortune 500 corporations per capita than some other metropolis on the earth, and work is offered in industries equivalent to monetary providers, know-how, and renewable vitality. Though town is thought for its harsh winters, the Skyway system, a collection of interconnected, enclosed bridges, makes strolling round within the chilly a lot simpler. When the climate is hotter, households can go to town’s many parks, lakes, and wetlands.
7. Orange, California
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $51,210Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 99.four %Unemployment fee of moms: 2.three %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 63.three %Size of ladies’s work week: 39.three hoursState common value of kid care: $16,542Aptly named for its historical past of orange groves, town of Orange is situated in southern California and surrounded by different huge cities equivalent to Irvine, Anaheim, and Fullerton. The pay hole in Orange is nearly nonexistent, and ladies earn a median wage of $51,210. Nonetheless, the share of Orange moms within the workforce is decrease than the nationwide proportion. Jobs in better Orange county are plentiful in areas equivalent to enterprise & skilled providers, finance, healthcare, tourism, and data know-how. Youngsters are more likely to love this small suburban metropolis as a result of it's just a few miles away from Disneyland in Anaheim (which is among the area’s largest employers, too). Out of doors actions for households in Orange embrace climbing alongside Peter’s Canyon Path or taking a drive to the seaside.
6. Santa Rosa, California
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $48,167Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 95.three %Unemployment fee of moms: 1.2 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 70.zero %Size of ladies’s work week: 38.9 hoursState common value of kid care: $16,542Santa Rosa is situated about 50 miles north of San Francisco within the coronary heart of Sonoma Valley, California’s wine nation. Native vineyards supply a plethora of wine choices, whereas farmers markets supply the freshest produce. Apart from agriculture and tourism, Santa Rosa’s well-balanced economic system consists of industries equivalent to high-tech manufacturing, authorities providers, training, and healthcare. Girls working in Santa Rosa earn a median wage of $48,167, nearly as a lot as males. At 1.2 %, Santa Rosa has the bottom unemployment fee for moms on this listing. Inside the metropolis itself, festivals, public artwork reveals, and quite a few parks guarantee there's a lot for households to do over the weekend.
5. San Francisco, California
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $76,500Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 91.1 %Unemployment fee of moms: 5.1 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 70.eight %Size of ladies’s work week: 44.5 hoursState common value of kid care: $16,542San Francisco is thought for its excessive costs, proximity to the bay, and its thriving tech scene. The important thing sectors within the San Francisco economic system are IT & software program, social & digital media, life sciences & biotech, environmental & cleantech, skilled providers, and worldwide enterprise. A number of the metropolis’s main employers embrace Wells Fargo, Salesforce, Uber, Deloitte, and Amazon. At $76,500, San Francisco has the best median earnings for full-time feminine staff on this listing, but in addition the longest work week for ladies (together with commute instances). Exterior of labor, residents in San Francisco can get pleasure from a vibrant arts scene, nightlife, and the smorgasbord of eating places which have earned town a status as a foodie’s paradise.
four. Oakland, California
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $56,991Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 103.6 %Unemployment fee of moms: three.1 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 69.6 %Size of ladies’s work week: 42.7 hoursState common value of kid care: $16,542Oakland is situated just a few miles away from San Francisco, providing proximity to the San Francisco job market with decrease housing prices. Main employers in Oakland embrace Kaiser Permanente, native and state authorities, and a lot of native hospitals. Girls in Oakland earn a median wage of $56,991. Oakland is the one metropolis on this listing the place ladies earn more cash than males, persevering with the pattern of California cities having smaller pay gaps in comparison with the remainder of the cities on this listing. For outside recreation, Oakland is house to the Claremont Canyon Hearth Path and a lagoon referred to as Lake Merritt, each of that are good for visiting throughout sunny summer time days. Youngsters will get pleasure from points of interest such because the Youngsters’s Fairyland amusement park, the Oakland Zoo, and the Chabot Area and Science Heart.
three. Lexington, Kentucky
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $40,713Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 87.5 %Unemployment fee of moms: 2.5 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 78.9 %Size of ladies’s work week: 39.2 hoursState common value of kid care: $6,258Kentucky presents the bottom value of kid care of any state represented on this listing, at $6,258 per 12 months. Lexington ladies additionally earn a median wage of $40,713, barely decrease than the nationwide median. The College of Kentucky is town’s largest employer, whereas state and native authorities, well being programs and hospitals, and manufacturing and distribution amenities are different main sources of employment alternatives. For recreation, the Kentucky Horse Park is standard amongst households with youngsters. Lexington can be house to a wide range of festivals and occasions such because the Pageant of the Bluegrass and the Kentucky Crawfish Pageant.
2. Madison, Wisconsin
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $48,243Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 86.9 %Unemployment fee of moms: 2.6 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 82.three %Size of ladies’s work week: 37.three hoursState common value of kid care: $12,268At 82.three %, Madison is town on this listing with the best proportion of married moms within the workforce. Madison’s key industries are manufacturing, agriculture, healthcare, data know-how, and life sciences. College students from the native College of Wisconsin – Madison contribute to town’s youthful environment, whereas the college and its affiliated well being system account for a major variety of native jobs. Madison is located between Lake Mendota and Lake Monona, providing ample alternatives for water sports activities and beach-going. Madison is a extremely walkable and bikeable metropolis, and plenty of residents choose to journey and not using a automobile.
1. Arlington, Virginia
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: $76,438Girls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 84.zero %Unemployment fee of moms: 2.9 %Proportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 77.three %Size of ladies’s work week: 44.5 hoursState common value of kid care: $13,728Arlington is situated exterior of Washington, D.C., and plenty of residents commute from Arlington to the nation’s capital day by day utilizing town’s intensive rail system. Girls in Arlington earn a median wage of $76,438, and the pay hole is narrower than the U.S. common. Main industries for Arlington residents embrace medical know-how, training know-how, cybersecurity, media & publishing, and nonprofit administration. Arlington is thought for its historic character and allure, with native websites together with Arlington Nationwide Cemetery, Mount Vernon, and the Manassas Battlefield. Common baby care prices of $13,728 in Virginia are barely increased than the nationwide common, however nonetheless lower than 20 % of the median wage for ladies.
Methodology
All employment-related statistics are from the U.S. Census Bureau 2017 American Group Survey 1-12 months Estimates. baby care value estimates are from the Youngster Care Conscious 2018 Report: The U.S. and the Excessive Value of Youngster Care, which thought of the annual value of center-based toddler care. Youngster Care Conscious doesn't report this knowledge for Montana or South Dakota.
For every metropolis, a composite rating was calculated primarily based on the next metrics:
Median earnings for full-time feminine staff: 25 factorsGirls’s earnings as a proportion of males’s: 20 factorsUnemployment fee of moms: 20 factorsProportion of married-couple moms within the workforce: 10 factorsSize of ladies’s work week (together with commuting): 10 factorsState common value of kid care: 15 factorsSolely the 200 most populous cities in america have been thought of.
Haven Life Insurance coverage Company LLC (Haven Life) carried out this evaluation for academic/informational functions solely. Haven Life is an internet life insurance coverage company providing time period life insurance coverage issued by Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance coverage Firm. Haven Life doesn't present tax, authorized, funding, or housing/actual property recommendation, and the knowledge within the examine shouldn't be relied on as such. You must seek the advice of your personal tax, authorized, funding, and different advisors, as acceptable, earlier than partaking in any transaction.
Haven Time period is a Time period Life Insurance coverage Coverage (ICC17DTC) issued by Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance coverage Firm (MassMutual), Springfield, MA 01111 and supplied completely by means of Haven Life Insurance coverage Company, LLC. Coverage and rider type numbers and options might fluctuate by state and will not be obtainable in all states. In New York, Haven Time period is DTC-NY 1017. Our Company license quantity in California is OK71922 and in Arkansas, 100139527.
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